ICT Revision MCQ Series (AL Grade 12) . 7 Information Systems

Customization is needed for unique barcode formats to align with existing products as standard features like reporting or login are typically included (Competency Level 7.10).

The library system takes a book title as input processes it by checking availability in the database and outputs a loan confirmation reflecting the system’s core functionality (Competency Level 7.6).

Off-the-shelf systems lower costs require gap analysis and include vendor support. They often need customization and training making (b) and (d) incorrect (Competency Level 7.10).

The Waterfall model is linear and sequential with distinct stages like analysis and design. It does not support frequent changes is unsuitable for unclear requirements and tests late in the process (Competency Level 7.3).

Unit testing tests individual components black box testing focuses on functionality integrated testing checks component interactions and system testing evaluates the entire system (Competency Level 7.8).

Logical design starts with DFDs to model data flow defines LDS for data structure designs the user interface and specifies tables for physical implementation (Competency Level 7.7).

Agile emphasizes flexibility and iterative development accommodating changing requirements. Fixed requirements are characteristic of the Waterfall model not Agile (Competency Level 7.3).

Agile’s iterative approach and user feedback make it ideal for projects with evolving requirements unlike Waterfall’s rigidity or Spiral’s focus on risk (Competency Level 7.3).

The payroll system takes employee hours as input processes them by calculating pay and outputs a salary slip reflecting its core functionality (Competency Level 7.7).

SSADM is structured includes feasibility and analysis stages and emphasizes documentation. It covers all SDLC stages not just physical design and suits large projects making (b) and (d) incorrect (Competency Level 7.4).

A data dictionary defines data elements their attributes and relationships ensuring consistency in database design (Competency Level 7.7).

OAS automate clerical tasks GIS manage spatial data and KMS support learning. Statements (b) and (e) are incorrect as DSS supports complex decisions not transactions and TPS handles transactions not strategic planning (Competency Level 7.2).

SSADM follows a structured sequence starting with feasibility then requirements analysis logical design and physical design (Competency Level 7.4).

The system takes a patient ID processes it by scheduling an appointment and outputs a confirmation reflecting the system’s core function (Competency Level 7.7).

A system is defined by interrelated components working together towards a common purpose within defined boundaries often with feedback loops. Independent operation contradicts the concept of interrelationships as systems rely on component interactions.

Parallel pilot and phase deployments are correctly described and all methods require user training. Direct deployment is high-risk making (b) incorrect (Competency Level 7.9).

DFD shows data movement BAM models processes LDS represents data relationships and DFD tracks document flow aligning with system analysis tools (Competency Level 7.6).

Business Activity Models focus on organizational processes and workflows not data relationships which are modeled using Logical Data Structures (Competency Level 7.6).

Non-functional requirements define system qualities like performance (e.g. response time) while others are functional requirements specifying system behaviors (Competency Level 7.6).

During the preliminary investigation user surveys are the primary method to identify problems in the current system by gathering feedback from stakeholders aligning with Competency Level 7.5.

Waterfall is linear Spiral focuses on risk analysis Agile uses iterative user feedback and Prototyping emphasizes rapid model creation (Competency Level 7.3).

Business process reengineering aligns organizational processes with the off-the-shelf system’s workflows to ensure efficiency and compatibility (Competency Level 7.10).

Payment processing involves taking credit card details verifying them and confirming the transaction aligning with e-commerce system functionality (Competency Level 7.7).

Feasibility studies include technical economic operational and organizational types. Strategic feasibility is not a standard category though strategy may influence organizational feasibility (Competency Level 7.5).

DFDs visually represent data flow processes and stores in a system making them the primary tool for system analysis (Competency Level 7.6).

Requirements identify user needs DFD models data flow black box testing validates functionality and integrated testing ensures component integration (Competency Levels 7.6 7.8).

Requirements define functionality quality (non-functional requirements) ensures performance pilot deployment reduces risk and review supports maintenance (Competency Levels 7.6 7.9).

Parallel deployment runs old and new systems simultaneously minimizing risk for critical operations by allowing fallback if issues arise (Competency Level 7.9).

The Spiral model’s advantages include risk analysis prototyping and iterative development. It is flexible and unsuitable for fixed requirements making (b) and (d) incorrect (Competency Level 7.3).

Barcodes track inventory databases manage patient records reports aid decision-making and training ensures user readiness aligning with various system applications (Competency Levels 7.2 7.9).