Problem Analysis and Algorithm Basics

Answers and Descriptions

1. Answer: Inputs: Length and width of the rectangle. Output: Area of the rectangle.
   Description: Identifying inputs and outputs is crucial for problem analysis. For a rectangle area calculation, the program needs length and width as inputs, and it computes the area (length × width) as the output, defining the problem’s scope.

2. Answer: 1. Add the three numbers and divide by 3. 2. Store the numbers in an array, sum the array elements, and divide by the array length.
   Description: Exploring multiple approaches to solve a problem helps understand the solution space. The first method is straightforward, while the array approach is scalable for more numbers, encouraging flexible thinking.

3. Answer: Inputs: Prices of three products. Output: Name and price of the cheapest product. Process Steps: 1. Compare prices using if-else statements. 2. Store prices in an array and find the minimum.
   Description: This advanced question requires analyzing a multi-variable problem. Identifying inputs and outputs sets the foundation, while exploring process steps encourages students to consider different algorithmic strategies.

4. Answer: Use a sorting algorithm like QuickSort for efficiency, or Bubble Sort for simplicity if the list is small.
   Description: Optimizing the solution space involves selecting the best algorithm. QuickSort (O(n log n)) is efficient for large lists, while Bubble Sort (O(n²)) is simpler for small lists, balancing complexity and performance.

5. Answer: Algorithms provide a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem efficiently and consistently.
   Description: Algorithms are essential for systematic problem-solving in programming. They break down complex tasks into manageable steps, ensuring reliability and reusability of code.